Glossary
Terms starting with C
678 definitions · page 6 of 12.
- Click-through
- the process of clicking through an online advertisement to the advertiser's destination.
- Click-through rate (CTR)
- The average number of click-throughs per hundred ad impressions, expressed as a percentage.
- Client
- A computer program that requests a service from the server program, usually over the network.
- Client
- Between slave and peer. A system that is able to operate independently, but has some degree of dependence on another system. Frequently refers to computers on a local area network. Compare peer, slave.
- Client/Server
- A network architecture where a system is divided into two parts: the client and the server.
- CLIMATE ZONE
- A geographical area is the state that has particular weather patterns. These zones are used to determine the type of building standards that are required by law.
- clinal selection
- Selection that changes gradually along a geographic gradient.
- Clip-Back or Clip-On
- Earrings designed for non-pierced ears. Works like a hinge to secure the earring to the earlobe.
- Clipboard
- A temporary data (text and graphics) storage facility used when transferring data to a new location.
- Clipping Distortion
- With the clipping distortion feature, the peaks of the output wave are "clipped" off, avoiding distortion that results from driving an amplifier beyond its limit.
- Cloaking
- it is a technique which consists of showing two different versions of one page. One with normal content for the user and the other optimised for the search engines.
- clock drive
- a motor attached to an equatorial mount that compensates for Earth’s rotation and thus keeps the telescope pointing at the same area of sky
- Clock Speed
- The clock speed is the frequency which determines how fast devices that are connected to the system bus operate. The speed is measured in millions of cycles per second (MHz or megahertz) and is generated by a quartz crystal on the motherboard which acts as a…
- clone
- (1) A group of genetically identical cells or individuals derived by asexual division from a common ancestor. (2) (colloquial), An individual formed by some asexual process so that it is genetically identical to its parent. (3) See also DNA clone.
- Closed Caption Decoder (CC on Mute)
- Allows you to read on-screen subtitles and other information that accompanies selected television programming. Closed captioning allows the hearing impaired to more fully enjoy television viewing and can also be helpful in improving English language skills…
- closing area
- In a movement in sonata form, the final stage in an exposition or recapitulation that confirms the temporary or home key with a series of cadences.
- CLOSING STATEMENT
- A detailed cash accounting of a real estate transaction showing all cash received, all charges and credits made and all cash paid out in the transaction.
- Clotted cream
- Thick, rich and indulgent with the consistency of soft butter, clotted cream is made by heating normal cream to evaporate some of the liquids. It has at least 55 per cent butter fat giving it a pale yellow colour, often topped with a deeper yellow crust…
- CLOUD ON TITLE
- Any document, claim, unreleased lien or encumbrance that may impair the title to real property or make the title doubtful; usually revealed by a title search and removed by either a quitclaim deed or suit to quiet title.
- Cloves
- Cloves are the dried flower buds of an evergreen tree native to eastern Indonesia. It's a versatile spice that can be used in drinks and in sweet and savoury dishes. The pungent, sweet flavour of the clove lends itself perfectly to meats such as beef or…
- CLUNKERS
- also known as gross-polluting or super- emitting vehicles, i.e., vehicles that emit far in excess of the emission standards by which the vehicle was certified when it was new.
- clustering
- Connecting many computers and making them appear as one machine. This is done to increase reliability and performance.
- Clustering
- A technique in which two or more servers are interconnected and can access a common storage pool. Clustering prevents the failure of a single file server from denying access to data and adds computing power to the network for large numbers of users.
- CLUSTERING
- The grouping of homesites within a subdivision on smaller lots than normal, with the remaining land used as common areas.
- CME
- huge eruptions of electrified, magnetic gas ejected from the solar corona; this gas is hurled into space with speeds from 12 to 1,250 miles per second (about 20 to 2,000 kilometers per second); CMEs can produce geomagnetic storms and auroral displays on Earth
- CMOS
- Abbreviation of complementary metal oxide semiconductor. Pronounced see-moss, CMOS is a widely used type of semiconductor. CMOS semiconductors use both NMOS (negative polarity) and PMOS (positive polarity) circuits. Since only one of the circuit types is on…
- CMTS
- Cable Modem Termination System. Central device for connecting the cable TV network to a data network like the internet. Normally placed in the headend of the cable TV system.
- Co-location (colo)
- Putting a web server in a dedicated facility that provides high-speed Internet connection, security, environment, backup power, and technical support. Unlike the dedicated server, the client controls both hardware and software.
- CO-OP
- This is the commonly used term for a rural electric cooperative. Rural electric cooperatives generate and purchase wholesale power, arrange for the transmission of that power, and then distribute the power to serve the demand of rural customers. Co-ops…
- Co-Worker
- Somebody else who is employed by the same employer and who an employee works alongside, often as part of a team. Sometimes also known as 'Fellow Worker'
- COAL
- Black or brown rock, formed under pressure from organic fossils in prehistoric times, that is mined and burned to produce heat energy.
- COAL CONVERSION
- Changing coal into synthetic gas or liquid fuels. See GASIFICATION.
- COAL OIL
- Oil that can be obtained by distilling bituminous coal.
- COAL SEAM
- A mass of coal, occurring naturally at a particular location, that can be commercially mined.
- COAL SLURRY PIPELINE
- A pipe system that transports pulverized coal suspended in water.
- coalescence
- process by which tiny water droplets in a cloud merge to form raindrops that eventually precipitate.
- coated optics
- optics treated with a thin, uniform coating that greatly reduces scattered light and thus makes the image brighter
- Cobalt RaQ
- Server appliance made by Cobalt specifically for hosting companies. Newest RaQs are Linux-based and provide an easy-to-use interface. RaQs have no features that can't be had in a regular Linux box but they offer pre-installed programs and Cobalt's support…
- Cobnut
- Cobnuts, which grow in Britain, are a type of hazelnut. You may be able to buy fresh nuts, particularly native cobnuts, still in their husks in season (early autumn) but most are sold dried and processed. See hazelnut for further information.
- COBOL
- Stands for Common Business Oriented Language. A computer programming language invented during the second generation of computers and designed to meet the needs of business. Although less often used today, it was well-suited for writing programs that process…
- COBRA
- Short for Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act. A federal law under which group health plans sponsored by employers with 20 or more employees must offer continuation of coverage to employees who leave their jobs and their dependents. The employee…
- Coconut
- The fruit of the coconut palm, the coconut has a very hard woody shell covered with a thick, hairy husk. The shell is lined with a firm white pulp and the hollow centre contains a sweet milky-white liquid (called coconut water) that makes a refreshing drink…
- Coconut milk and cream
- Coconut milk isn't the liquid from inside the nut, but the extract of freshly grated coconut flesh. The flesh is first soaked in hot water, then allowed to cool, after which the liquid is strained off. It's available in tins from Asian and Caribbean stores…
- Cod
- Popular white sea fish with flaky flesh, available fresh or frozen, whole or as steaks and fillets. It's a resident of cold northern waters, but has been overfished for several years and is becoming scarcer and more expensive each year. Fresh cod is…
- coda
- The optional final section of a movement or an entire composition.
- code dictionary
- A listing of the 64 possible codons and their translational meanings (the corresponding amino acids).
- Codec
- 1. Short for compressor/decompressor, a codec is any technology for compressing and decompressing data. Codecs can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both. Some popular codecs for computer video include MPEG, Indeo and Cinepak.
- CODICIL
- A supplement or an addition to a will, executed with the same formalities as a will, that normally does not revoke the entire will.
- coding strand
- The DNA strand with the same sequence as the transcribed mRNA (given U in RNA and T in DNA) and containing the linear array of codons which interact with anticodons of tRNA during translation to give the primary sequence of a protein. Compare with anticoding…
- codominance
- The situation in which a heterozygote shows the phenotypic effects of both alleles equally, (eg blood group antigens).
- codon
- A section of DNA (three nucleotide pairs in length) or RNA (three nucleotides in length) that codes for a single amino acid. A sequence of three RNA or DNA nucleotides that specifies (codes for) either an amino acid or the termination of translation.
- codon preference
- The idea that for amino acids with several codons one or a few are preferred and are used disproportionately. They would correspond with tRNAs that are abundant.
- coefficient of coincidence
- In a three point cross the number of observed double crossovers divided by the number expected based on the observed occurrence of single crossovers. The ratio of the observed number of double recombinants to the expected number.
- coefficient of relationship (r)
- The proportion of alleles held in common by two related individuals.
- COGENERATION
- Cogeneration means the sequential use of energy for the production of electrical and useful thermal energy. The sequence can be thermal use followed by power production or the reverse, subject to the following standards:
- COGENERATOR
- Cogenerators use the waste heat created by one process, for example during manufacturing, to produce steam which is used, in turn, to spin a turbine and generate electricity. Cogenerators may also be QFs.
- Cohabit
- To live together without a legal marriage ceremony.
- cohesive end
- A single-stranded end to a linear duplex DNA molecule which can hydrogen-bond with a complementary single-strand base sequence from the end of the same or another DNA molecule.
- COINSURANCE
- In property insurance, requires the policyholder to carry insurance equal to a specified percentage of the value of property to receive full payment on a loss. For health insurance, it is a percentage of each claim above the deductible paid by the…
- COINSURANCE CLAUSE
- A clause in insurance policies covering real property that requires the policyholder to maintain fire insurance coverage generally equal to at least 80 percent of the property's actual replacement cost.