Glossary
Terms starting with J
50 definitions.
- Jackpot
- The top prize for a lotto or lottery game. Jackpots are usually 'Parimutuels' (see below). If not won in the next drawing, they 'roll over' to the next drawing and increase in size/amount.
- Jambalaya
- A spicy Cajun rice dish popular throughout the American south but most often attributed to the cooking of New Orleans. There are lots of variations but essentially it's made with rice, ham or sausage, chicken, prawns, chillies, tomatoes and other vegetables.
- JAR
- A popular compression format. Also a name of a compression utility.
- Jasmine
- Essential oil extracted from plants and used in perfumes.
- Java
- Sun's popular programming language. Java is a platform-independent (at least in theory), crash-protected, object-oriented language that can be used to write applets that run in a browser, servlets that run server-side, or independent programs. Java's syntax…
- Java class files
- The file or set of files that contain the code for a Java applet.
- Java Servlet
- Servlets are programs written in Java that run on a Web server and can produce dynamic pages. Also see JSP.
- Java Virtual Machine (JVM Java Runtime Environment)
- A set of programs that allow for Java applets to be run on a particular computer system.
- Java Virtual Machine (JVM, Java Runtime Environment)
- A set of programs that allow for Java applets to be run on a particular computer system.
- JavaScript
- Simple, client-side programming language created by Sun and Netscape. JavaScript can be embedded in HTML pages to create interactive effects and do tasks like validate form data. JavaScript is a separate language from Java. All popular modern browsers…
- JavaScript
- a scripting language developed by Netscape and used to create interactive Web sites.
- jazz
- A style of performance developed largely by African-Americans after 1900; the most original form of American music in the twentieth century.
- JDBC
- Java Database Connectivity - a mechanism allowing Java applets to access different databases.
- Jerusalem artichoke
- Not to be confused with the globe artichoke, the Jerusalem artichoke belongs to the sunflower family; it's the plant's underground tubers that are eaten. They're rather knobbly and irregular in shape, with a beige or purple-red skin. To prepare, leave the…
- jet
- a narrow stream of gas or particles ejected from an accretion disk surrounding a star or black hole
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- the lead U.S. center for robotic exploration of the solar system, located in Pasadena, California; JPL spacecraft have visited all known planets except Pluto
- jet stream
- fast-moving currents of air reaching 180 mph (290 kmph ) in the troposphere — 30,000 to 35,000 feet up (9,144 to 10,668 meters) — that can strengthen and shift low-pressure systems. In winter, currents may shift toward the equator; in summer, toward the poles.
- jet stream
- a high-speed, wandering wind current in the upper troposphere that blows from west to east and affects weather
- jewel neck
- A high round neckline resting simply at the base of the neck.
- Job Application
- Having submitted a CV, many organizations now request that you also complete their own application form. Sometimes this is necessary in order to be offered an interview, other times the request will be made prior to an arranged interview. In the latter case…
- Job Boards
- These are websites where employers post their openings and job seekers can either a) search for available jobs, and/or b) post their CVs. There are five levels of job board on the Internet: General Job Boards (including Monster.com and Hotjobs.com), Industry…
- Job Clubs
- These clubs enable job seekers to network together and offer support during the job seeking process. Courses are often organized. If no job club exists in a specific area, a job seeker can start one himself. Sometimes also known as 'Networking Clubs' or…
- Job Hunting Etiquette
- The rules, norms and protocols that every job seeker should understand and follow. Good job hunting etiquette is based on good manners, something everybody should have learned. Sometimes also known as 'Business Etiquette'
- Job Hunting on the Internet
- The Internet offers countless opportunities for the job seeker, especially when it comes to easily being able to find and contact potential employers amongst the hidden job market. Those seeking work within the technology sector are well advised to search…
- Job Interview
- A meeting between employer and potential employee in order to determine whether they are matched. First impressions are important. Job seekers should always prepare for a job interview by learning about the company and what's involved in the position for…
- Job Satisfaction
- A number of factors that together determine how well chosen the employee's current position is. These factors may include the company's values, salary, recognition, and especially whether the job fully utilizes the employee's skills and abilities. An…
- Job Search Agent
- Many job boards now allow users to select certain criteria and have any matching vacancies automatically e-mailed to them. By using such a service, the job seeker is guaranteed not to miss any available opportunities.
- Job Security
- The degree to which an employee's position is protected from dismissal or retrenchment.
- Job Shadowing
- By 'shadow' observing workplaces, the job seeker can gather a plethora of information on a variety of career possibilities. This can help him/her focus on one particular course when there's uncertainty as to which career would be preferential to follow.
- Job Skills
- The necessary skills needed in order to perform a job satisfactorily. For example, a nurse would need good medical and people skills; a train driver needs keen concentration; and an accountant would need good math skills. Relevant job skills should ALWAYS be…
- Jog Shuttle
- A rotary dial on a remote control or deck that allows you to locate and isolate a single frame of video information. The jog shuttle is especially useful for editing or instant playback.
- John Dory
- A white-fleshed sea fish found in European waters, John Dory (also known as St Peter's fish), is an odd-looking creature with an oval, flat body and a large, spiny head. The white boneless flesh from the fillets is firm and flavoursome and can be cooked in a…
- JOINT AND SURVIVOR ANNUITY
- An annuity with two annuitants, usually spouses. Payments continue until the death of the longest living of the two.
- Joint Sponsor
- A person who accepts legal responsibility for supporting an immigrant with an I-864 Affidavit of Support along with the sponsor. The joint sponsor must be at least 18 years of age, an American citizen or lawful permanent resident and have a domicile in the…
- JOINT UNDERWRITING ASSOCIATION JUA
- Insurers which join together to provide coverage for a particular type of risk or size of exposure, when there are difficulties in obtaining coverage in the regular market, and which share in the profits and losses associated with the program. JUAs may be…
- Jojoba
- A tonic, emollient and moisturizer. Treats dry skin, wrinkles and stretch marks.
- jongleur
- jongleuress (zhong-ler;zhong-ler-ess)Male and female musical minstrels of the Middle Ages.
- JOULE
- A unit of work or energy equal to the amount of work done when the point of application of force of 1 newton is displaced 1 meter in the direction of the force. It takes 1,055 joules to equal a British thermal unit. It takes about 1 million joules to make a…
- Jovian planet
- a planet with characteristics similar to Jupiter (see gas giant).
- JPEG
- (Joint Photographic Experts Group) A image compression format designed for the Internet. Uses lossy compression, meaning that the quality of the image can be lowered.
- JScript
- Microsoft's implementation of ECMAScript standard based on JavaScript. Limited, object-based, interpreted scripting language. Here is the official JScript site. JScript is comparable to VBScript.
- JSP
- Java Server Pages. Extension of Java Servlet technology for combining Java server-side programs and HTML. JSP pages have an extension .jsp.
- Julienne
- Vegetables or citrus zest shredded or cut into thin matchsticks or very fine shreds. They're often cooked in butter in a covered pan until quite soft and then used as a garnish, especially for soups and consommés. Raw vegetables to be served as an hors…
- junctional diversity
- Variability in immunoglobulins caused by differences in the exact crossover point during V-J, V-D, and D-J joining.
- Juniper
- A fragrance considered a mild skin stimulant.
- Juniper berries
- The darkish berries of the juniper tree provide one of the main flavourings for gin. These spicy, aromatic berries are also used, fresh or dried, crushed or whole, to flavour casseroles, marinades and stuffings. They are a good complement to pork…
- JUNK BONDS
- Corporate bonds with credit ratings of BB or less. They pay a higher yield than investment grade bonds because issuers have a higher perceived risk of default. Such bonds involve market risk that could force investors, including insurers, to sell the bonds…
- Jurisdiction
- Authority to apply the law in a given territory or region. For example, the INS district office in the area where a person lives has jurisdiction or authority to decide on a fiance(e) petition.
- Jury Consultants
- Picking a jury is one of the most important steps in the litigation process. During voir dire, the lawyers for each side will be permitted to ask questions of the jury panel members. This is an opportunity to find out if any of the panel members have a bias…
- Jus
- This French word is roughly the equivalent of 'juice', but it has more specific meanings in cookery, referring either to the juices that occur during the cooking process (in particular when roasting meat) or the juice squeezed from raw vegetables or fruit…