Glossary
Terms starting with C
678 definitions · page 9 of 12.
- Config.SYS
- The configuration file for DOS systems. Whenever a DOS computer boots up, it reads the CONFIG.SYS file (if it exists) and executes any commands in it. The most common commands are BUFFERS= and FILES=, which enable you to specify the buffer size and the…
- Confinement
- The property of the strong interaction that quarks or gluons are never found separately but only inside color-neutral composite objects.
- CONFORMITY
- The appraisal principle that holds that the greater the similarity among properties in an area, the better they will hold their value.
- CONGESTION
- A condition that occurs when insufficient transfer capacity is available to implement all of the preferred schedules simultaneously.
- CONGESTION MANAGEMENT
- Alleviation of congestion by the ISO.
- conjugation
- A process whereby two cells come in contact and exchange genetic material. In prokaryotes the transfer is a one-way process. The union of two bacterial cells, during which chromosomal material is transferred from the donor to the recipient cell. Conjugation…
- conjunction
- a time when two or more bodies appear close together in the sky
- consanguineous
- Meaning between blood relatives ; usually refers to inbreeding or incestuous matings.
- consensus sequence
- A sequence of nucleotides or amino acids in common between regions of homology in different but related DNA or RNA or protein sequences.
- CONSERVATION
- Steps taken to cause less energy to be used than would otherwise be the case. These steps may involve improved efficiency, avoidance of waste, reduced consumption, etc. They may involve installing equipment (such as a computer to ensure efficient energy…
- Conservation
- When a quantity is always the same before and after a particle reaction, it is said to be conserved. Such quantities include electric charge, energy, and momentum.
- conservative replication
- A postulated mode of DNA replication in which an intact double helix acts as a template for a new double helix; known to be incorrect. A disproved model of DNA synthesis suggesting that one-half of the daughter DNA molecules should have both strands composed…
- conserved sequence
- An invariant sequence found in different DNA or RNA or protein sequences.
- CONSIDERATION
- (1) That received by the grantor in exchange for his or her deed. (2) Something of value that induces a person to enter into a contract.
- constant region
- A region of an antibody molecule that is nearly identical with the corresponding regions of antibodies of different specificities.
- constellation
- one of the 88 patterns of stars in the sky, often named for a mythological god, hero, or animal
- constitutive
- Always expressed in an unregulated fashion (when referring to gene control).
- constitutive heterochromatin
- Heterochromatin that surrounds the centromere. Specific regions of heterochromatin always present and in both homologs of a chromosome. See satellite DNA.
- constitutive mutation
- A mutation which causes transcription to be no longer under regulatory control.
- CONSTRUCTIVE EVICTION
- Actions of a landlord that so materially disturb or impair a tenant's enjoyment of the leased premises that the tenant is effectively forced to move out and terminate the lease without liability for any further rent.
- CONSTRUCTIVE NOTICE
- Notice given to the world by recorded documents. All people are charged with knowledge of such documents and their contents, whether or not they have actually examined them. Possession of property is also considered constructive notice that the person in…
- CONTINENTAL SHELF
- The portion of the sea bottom that slopes gradually from the edge of a continent. Usually defined as areas where water is less than 200 meters or 600 feet deep.
- CONTINGENCY
- A provision in a contract that requires a certain act to be done or a certain event to occur before the contract becomes binding.
- CONTINGENCY PLANNING
- The Energy Commission's strategy to respond to impending energy emergencies such as curtailment or shortage of fuel or power because of natural disasters or the result of human or political causes, or a clear threat to public health, safety or welfare. The…
- CONTINGENT LIABILITY
- Liability of individuals, corporations, or partnerships for accidents caused by people other than employees for whose acts or omissions the corporations or partnerships are responsible.
- Continuous Play
- With the continuous play feature, when the cassette ends in one deck, playback of the other cassette begins. Dual cassette decks will play two tapes in a series.
- continuous replication
- The uninterrupted replication of DNA in the 5' to 3' direction using a 3' to 5' template.
- continuous variation
- Variation measured on a continuum rather than in discrete units or categories (eg height in human beings).
- CONTRACT
- A legally enforceable promise or set of promises that must be performed and for which, if a breach of the promise occurs, the law provides a remedy. A contract may be either unilateral, by which only one party is bound to act, or bilateral, by which all…
- Contract Employee
- This is what an employee is called when he or she is hired you out by the employer to another, similar organization. A contract employee is usually hired on a daily basis or for the length of a particular project.
- Contract of Employment
- An agreement between an employer and an employee. A contract of employment is enforceable by law and sets out the conditions and terms under which the employee is hired. Salary, benefits, working hours, etc., should all be outlined in the contract. Sometimes…
- CONTRACT PATH
- The most direct physical transmission tie between two interconnected entities. When utility systems interchange power, the transfer is presumed to take place across the "contract path," notwithstanding the electrical fact that power flow in the network will…
- CONTRACTS FOR DIFFERENCES (CFD)
- A type of bilateral contract where the electric generation seller is paid a fixed amount over time which is a combination of the short-term market price and an adjustment with the purchaser for the difference. For example, a generator may sell a distribution…
- Contrast Ratio
- Is a method of measuring a dynamic range. The higher the contrast ratio, the more detailed the image will be. Blacks will be blacker, whites will be whiter, and particularly text on the image will be more vivid. A typical LCD monitor will have a contrast…
- CONTRIBUTION
- The appraisal principle that states that the value of any component of a property is what it gives to the value of the whole or what its absence detracts from that value.
- CONTROL AREA
- An electric power system, or a combination of electric power systems, to which a common automatic generation control (AGC) is applied to match the power output of generating units within the area to demand. The control area of the ISO is the state of…
- Control Panel
- Control panel included in web hosting packages is an online web-based application that allows you to easily manage different aspects of your account. Most control panels will let you upload files, add email accounts, change contact information, set up…
- Controller
- A device that controls the transfer of data from a computer to a peripheral device and vice versa. For example, disk drives, display screens, keyboards, and printers all require controllers. In personal computers, the controllers are often single chips. When…
- controlling element
- A term used by maize geneticists to indicate a mobile genetic element capable of producing an unstable mutant target gene; two types exist, the regulator and the receptor elements.
- convection
- transfer of heat by movement of air or water; specifically, rise of an air mass caused by warming over land or sea that often causes the formation of clouds.
- CONVECTION
- Transferring heat by moving air, or transferring heat by means of upward motion of particles of liquid or gas heat from beneath.
- convection
- the transfer of heat energy by moving currents of material
- CONVENTIONAL GAS
- Natural gas occurring in nature, as opposed to synthetic gas.
- Conventional Memory
- On DOS systems, conventional memory refers to the portion of memory that is available to standard DOS programs. DOS systems have an address space of 1MB (megabyte), but the top 384K (called high memory) is reserved for system use. This leaves 640K of…
- CONVERSION
- device or kit by which a conventional fuel vehicle is changed to an alternative fuel vehicle.
- CONVERSION FUEL FACTOR
- A number stating units of one system in corresponding values of another system.
- Conversion rate
- the percentage of visitors who take a desired action.
- CONVERTED VEHICLE
- a vehicle originally designed to operate on gasoline that has been modified or altered to run on an alternative fuel.
- CONVERTER
- Any technology that changes the potential energy in a fuel into a different from of energy such as heat or motion. The term also is used to mean an apparatus that changes the quantity or quality of electrical energy.
- convertible collar
- A rolled collar that can be worn open or closed. Sewn directly to the neckline.
- CONVEYANCE
- A term used to refer to any document that transfers title to real property. The term is also used in describing the act of transferring.
- Cookie
- A Cookie is a piece of data that is saved in the user's browser by the web server. It is used to customize user's browsing experience.
- COOLING CAPACITY LATENT
- Available refrigerating capacity of an air conditioning unit for removing latent heat from the space to be conditioned.
- COOLING CAPACITY SENSIBLE
- Available refrigerating capacity of an air conditioning unit for removing sensible heat from the space to be conditioned.
- COOLING CAPACITY TOTAL
- Available refrigerating capacity of an air conditioner for removing sensible heat and latent heat from the space to be conditioned.
- COOLING CAPACITY, LATENT
- Available refrigerating capacity of an air conditioning unit for removing latent heat from the space to be conditioned.
- COOLING DEGREE DAY
- A unit of measure that indicates how heavy the air conditioning needs are under certain weather conditions.
- COOLING LOAD
- The rate at which heat must be extracted from a space in order to maintain the desired temperature within the space.
- COOLING LOAD TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE (CLTD)
- A value used in cooling load calculations for the effective temperature difference (delta T) across a wall or ceiling, which accounts for the effect of radiant heat as well as the temperature difference.
- COOLING TOWER
- A device for evaporatively cooling water by contact with air.