Glossary
Terms starting with M
330 definitions · page 5 of 6.
- monoploid
- A cell having only one chromosome set (usually as an aberration) or an organism composed of such cells.
- MONOPOLY
- The only seller with control over market sales.
- MONOPSONY
- The only buyer with control over market purchases.
- Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
- An additive made from sodium salt crystals and used to enhance the flavour of food, especially in oriental cuisine. MSG is much used by commercial manufacturers of foods, particularly in soups and sauces. It has a unique taste that doesn't fit into the…
- monosomic
- A diploid cell missing a single chromosome. A cell or individual that is basically diploid but that has only one copy of one particular chromosome type and thus has chromosome number 2n - 1.
- Moog Robert
- American inventor of early synthesizers. During the 1970s his most popular synthesizer was itself known as "the Moog." morality play In the Middle Ages, a monophonic drama set to music to illustrate a moral point, such as the struggle between good and evil…
- Mooli
- A long white Japanese vegetable of the radish family, also known as daikon. It's crunchy, with a mild peppery flavour, similar to watercress. Unlike other radishes it's as good cooked as it is raw. In Chinese and Japanese cookery it's used for vegetable…
- Moonlighting
- An employee who has more than one job is known to be moonlighting. This is a phenomenon that appears to be on the rise. Sometimes also known as 'Dual or Multiple Jobholding'
- Morel
- Morels are wild mushrooms found all over the British Isles. With a creamy white stem and conical cap they grow in dry, sandy areas so it's important to wash them well to get rid of any grit. They're often used dried (but never raw) and are excellent in all…
- Mornay sauce
- A béchamel sauce enriched with egg yolks and flavoured with grated gruyère cheese. It's used to coat dishes to be glazed under the grill or browned in the oven, including poached eggs, fish, shellfish and vegetables.
- Morning line
- A projection, before actual wagering takes place, on how the public will bet.
- morphological species concept
- Organisms are classified in the same species if they appear identical by morphological (anatomical) criteria.
- Mortadella
- A large, cooked Italian salami originating from Bologna. It's made with finely minced pork, garlic, salt and pepper stuffed into a natural casing and is sometimes studded with pistachios or green olives.
- MORTALITY AND EXPENSE (M&E) RISK CHARGE
- A fee that covers such annuity contract guarantees as death benefits.
- MORTGAGE GUARANTEE INSURANCE
- Coverage for the mortgagee (usually a financial institution) in the event that a mortgage holder defaults on a loan. Also called private mortgage insurance (PMI).
- MORTGAGE INSURANCE
- A form of decreasing term insurance that covers the life of a person taking out a mortgage. Death benefits provide for payment of the outstanding balance of the loan. Coverage is in decreasing term insurance, so the amount of coverage decreases as the debt…
- MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
- Investment grade securities backed by a pool of mortgages. The issuer uses the cash flow from mortgages to meet interest payments on the bonds.
- mosaic
- A chimera; a tissue containing two or more genetically distinct cell types, or an individual composed of such tissues. Individual made up of two or more genetically distinct cell lines.
- mosaicism
- The condition of being a mosaic. See mosaic.
- motet
- A descriptive term for the several varieties of polyphonic vocal music, mostly sacred, from the Middle Ages to the present.
- motive
- The smallest coherent unit of a larger musical idea.
- Moules marinière
- Mussels prepared à la marinière - that is, by cooking in white wine with chopped shallots, parsley, thyme and a bay leaf.
- Moussaka
- A classic aubergine casserole associated with Greece. It's made using minced lamb, slices of aubergine, potatoes and onions, covered with a creamy white sauce and oven-baked until golden. There are many variations, including vegetarian moussaka.
- Mousse
- A mousse is a light fluffy mixture, either sweet or savoury; it can be served hot or cold. There are no hard and fast rules, but sweet mousses are often flavoured with chocolate or fruit purée and many contain whipped cream. Savoury mousses usually contain…
- movement
- A self-contained, largely independent portion of a larger piece, such as a symphony or concerto
- Mozzarella
- An Italian fresh or unripened cheese traditionally made from water buffalo's milk (Mozzarella di Bufala) around the Naples area. Mozzarella is now also made predominantly from cows' milk and is made all over Italy as well as in other countries, including the…
- MP3
- An extremely popular lossy audio compression format. Widely used over the Internet.
- MP3
- Stands for Moving Picture Experts Group 1, Audio Layer 3. This is an unsecured audio compression process or algorithm used to minimize time for the downloading of near-CD quality music and sound files from the internet.
- MPEG
- (Motion Picture Experts Group) video compression format for movies or animations.
- MPEG2
- Gets its name from the Motion Picture Experts Group, an international standards-setting panel. It is a video compression standard that enables more data to be packed onto DVD discs.
- MRV
- See the Machine Readable Visa glossary definition.
- MSDS Software
- MSDS, or Material Safety Data Sheets, have been developed to help workers and safety personnel be aware of the particulars about specific products and any special handling requirements involved. This is to ensure safe handling, safe transportation, and safe…
- MSN
- search engine located at www.msn.com
- mSQL (Mini SQL)
- Light-weight relational database. Here is mSQL home page.
- MTBE (METHYL TERTIARY-BUTYL ETHER)
- A clean- burning oxygenate with high octane and low volatility added to unleaded gasoline to reduce carbon monoxide emissions.
- mtDNA
- Mitochondrial DNA.
- MTS (Multi-Channel Television Sound)
- Provides stereo broadcast reception for clean, crisp, virtually noise-free audio fidelity. Includes Dbx Noise Reduction system to optimize the soundtrack's full dynamic range.
- mu particle
- Bacteria-like particle found in the cytoplasm of Paramecium that have the mate-killer phenotype.
- mu phage
- A kind (species) of phage with properties similar to those of insertion sequences, being able to insert, transpose, and cause chromosome rearrangements and mutations.
- Mullerian mimicry
- A form of mimicry in which noxious species evolve to resemble each other.
- Mulligatawny
- A classic Anglo-Indian dish. Mulligatawny is a spicy soup based on chicken or mutton/lamb stock. According to Madhur Jaffrey, the original mulligatawny soup can be traced back to the early days of the East India Company in Madras, and was more like a curry…
- Multi-ARAS CRT Coating
- With Multi-ARAS CRT Coating, the flat, glass CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) faceplate is coated with layers of anti-reflective (AR) and anti-static (AS) compounds to minimize reflections and dust build-up on the TV screen.
- Multi-Language Capability (Dialogue)
- This feature makes it easier for films to be distributed in multiple languages. The same DVD disc can contain soundtracks in up to 8 different languages.
- Multi-Language Subtitles
- DVD discs can contain up to 32 different languages for subtitles. Subtitle display can be switched on or off, and you can select the language of your choice from those recorded, by using the remote control.
- Multi-Scan System
- The Multi-Scan System is compatible with PC/Macintosh computer signals within a specific range. TVs with multi-scan system can process various signals.
- multi-timbral
- A descriptive term for the ability of a synthesizer to record different timbres simultaneously.
- Multicast
- A message that is sent to a specific group of hosts.
- multihybrid
- An organism heterozygous at numerous loci.
- multimedia
- Rapidly developing technology that enables information of all kinds-text, still images, moving pictures, sound-to be stored and retrieved on a single digital medium, such as CD-ROM or videodisc.
- multimeric structure
- A structure composed of several identical or different subunits held together by weak bonds.
- multinomial expansion
- The terms generated when a multinomial is raised to a power.
- multiple allelism
- The existence of several known alleles of a gene.
- MULTIPLE PERIL POLICY
- A package policy, such as a homeowners or business insurance policy, that provides coverage against several different perils. It also refers to the combination of property and liability coverage in one policy. In the early days of insurance, coverages for…
- multiple-factor hypothesis
- A hypothesis to explain quantitative variation by assuming the interaction of a large number of genes (polygenes) each with a small additive effect on the character.
- multiple-hit hypothesis
- The proposal that a single cell must receive a series of mutational events in order to become malignant or cancerous.
- multiplicity of infection (moi)
- The average number of phage particles that infect a single bacterial cell in a specific experiment.
- Municipal Bond
- A Municipal Bond is a security issued by a state or local government entity. The bond is meant to raise money for local public projects or to retire an existing public expense. Ordinarily, the interest or income generated by municipal bond investments are to…
- MUNICIPAL BOND INSURANCE
- Coverage that guarantees bondholders timely payment of interest and principal even if the issuer of the bonds defaults. Offered by insurance companies with high credit ratings, the coverage raises the credit rating of a municipality offering the bond to that…
- MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC UTILITY
- A power utility system owned and operated by a local jurisdiction.
- MUNICIPAL LIABILITY INSURANCE
- Liability insurance for municipalities.